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Webgl lesson 25: basic knowledge of mapping August challenge
2021-08-27 08:42:02 【dismember an ox as skillfully as a butcher】
This is my participation 8 The fourth of the yuegengwen challenge 11 God , Check out the activity details :8 Yuegengwen challenge
In this paper, the title :WebGL Lesson 25 : The basics of mapping | 8 Yuegengwen challenge
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Friendship tips
This article is WebGL Course column Of the 25 piece , It is strongly recommended to start from the front . Because I spent a lot of time explaining the concept of vector and matrix operation . These basics will affect your thinking .
Introduction
We know a picture , Even if it's small , There are thousands of pixels .
But we are WebGL
The number of vertices , Usually not so much .
such as , Use the way we did last time , Draw a square , It was introduced 12 A little bit
nothing more .( If you think it's a four point , You can go back to the last class and take a look at , Then taste the content of this class )
that , If we need to fill this square with a picture , What to do .
We can never , A pixel , Just prepare a vertex , It won't explode yet .
So , Still want to review WebGL
The principle of drawing triangles :
-
- Position the three points of the triangle
-
- According to the incoming color , Or according to shader The color in , Draw the dots
-
interpolation
( The point is this sentence )
Interpolation in-depth explanation
Two point interpolation
What is two-point interpolation ? in other words , Now there are two points : and .
spot A The color of the is RGB To express is to (1,1,1), That is, pure white .
spot B The color of the is RGB To express is to (0,0,0), That is, pure black .
The problem is coming. , take AB Connect , ask AB What is the color of any point on the line segment ?
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We use our A simple feeling
To come to a conclusion :
He who is near to the red, he who is near to the black , That is to say near A White near B Black
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The specific formula will not be listed , When you need it , Then list .
Three point interpolation
This will take a little time to say . Suppose there are three points : ABC, The colors are : red green blue .
Like the picture below :
Okay , So these three points , Inside the triangle , Any point , For example, it , Let's make a point D come out , So this point D, If you use interpolation , What color should it be ?
Let's give an interesting conclusion :
If ABC The coordinates of the three points are
If D The coordinates of point
( type 1
)
that D The color of the point
( type 2
)
in other words : We find Three numbers a b c. If these three numbers can ABC The coordinates of are combined into D The coordinates of point , that D The color of the point , That is, these three numbers will ABC Combine the colors of .
Use a matrix to express type 1
, That is to say D The point coordinates are obtained :
Use a matrix to express type 2
, That is to say D Point color to get :
Formally speaking , But everything ABC What three points have , Whatever you are , Or color , Or something else , All can be used abc These three numbers are combined .
-
- For example ,
temperature
:
- For example ,
ABC The temperatures at the three points are 1℃, 30℃, 50 ℃. It is known that D Point coordinates :
ask : If the interpolation algorithm is used , that D What should be the temperature at the point ?
answer : We use it abc Combine three numbers .
Sampling information :UV
Need to know , The purpose of our class , It's not a simple synthesis of a color .
Instead, fill a picture in the middle .
It is necessary to add a step , It's our introduction WebGL
The point of , How does it correspond to the picture itself .
We know a picture , It's just one. width * height The rectangular area of .
Let's put this rectangular area
-
The lower left corner is regarded as the origin (0,0)
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In the upper right corner (1,1) Words
So anywhere in the middle , All have a coordinate , Let's write this coordinate as (u, v).
for example ,
- In the center of the picture (u, v) = (0.5, 0.5)
- Upper left corner (u, v) = (0, 1)
- Right lower corner (u, v) = (1, 0)
in other words , Any one (u,v) Can be on a picture , Find a place , And this location must have the image itself RGB Color information .
This is how we specify the picture information of a coordinate point , The message is UV Information .
for example ,A Dot (u,v) = (0,0), that ,A Point sampling , Is to sample in the lower left corner of the picture .
for example ,B Dot (u,v) = (0,1), that ,B Point sampling , Is to sample in the upper left corner of the picture .
for example ,C Dot (u,v) = (1,1), that ,C Point sampling , Is to sample in the upper right corner of the picture .
So if A little bit D,D The coordinates of point :
that D Dot (u,v) How much is? ? According to the previous section , The algorithm of three number interpolation obtains :
Okay , Now? D Dot (u,v) Come out , So the corresponding ,D Points can also be on the picture , Find a point , And then sampling .
Conclusion
WebGL When drawing triangles , If we provide both pictures and coordinates UV Information , So the other points in a triangle UV Information , It can be interpolated , With UV After the message , You can sample on the picture , then , The interior of the triangle can be filled with the color sampled from the picture .
End of text , Here's the answer
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Xiao Neng can say : ok , It's easy to understand , Do you want to practice in the next class , That is to do some code ?
- answer : Yes , This class is about principles , The next lesson will release the code .
copyright notice
author[dismember an ox as skillfully as a butcher],Please bring the original link to reprint, thank you.
https://en.qdmana.com/2021/08/20210827084157097k.html
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